How do semi-active homing systems obtain target information?

Semi-active homing systems obtain target information by relying on a third-party to provide guidance signals, which distinguishes them from other types of guidance systems. In this system, once the weapon is launched, it does not generate its own target tracking information; instead, it depends on an external source, typically a radar or laser designator, to illuminate the target. This method of guidance is essential for achieving precision in target engagement, as the weapon seeks the reflected energy from the target illuminated by the third-party source.

Additionally, this means that while the weapon itself can home in on the reflected signals, it cannot independently identify or track a target without the illumination provided by another entity. This collaboration allows for effective targeting, particularly in situations where the launch platform may not be able to directly track the target due to various operational constraints.